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Nut-free cooking is different from the other dietary adaptations in one important way: for most people it is a preference, and for some people it is an emergency. That changes how carefully you have to read a label, and it means the honest answer to "is this safe" is sometimes "check the packaging yourself."
This guide covers ingredient substitution. It cannot tell you whether a specific product is safe for a specific allergy. For a diagnosed allergy, always read the current label and treat "may contain" warnings as real.
Coconut is worth a note: it is botanically a drupe, not a tree nut, and most people with tree-nut allergies tolerate it. The FDA does classify it as a tree nut for labeling purposes, so it will appear on allergen labels. If the allergy is diagnosed, ask the allergist rather than the internet.
The vegan overlap is the one that surprises cooks most often. If you are cooking both nut-free and dairy-free, the default dairy substitutes (cashew cream, almond milk) are exactly the wrong answer. Use sunflower-seed cream and oat milk instead.
Substitution is only half of allergy cooking. If you are cooking for a serious allergy, use clean equipment and boards, check that shared items like butter and jam have not been contaminated by a knife, and read labels every time because manufacturers change formulations without notice.
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Related: Nut-Free Recipe Converter · Peanut butter substitutes · Almond flour substitutes · Complete guide to nut-allergy recipes